The eternal return is a cornerstone of the philosophy of Friedrich Nietzsche. It was early in the cyclical concept of time proposed by the Stoics. Vattimo has proposed a reading of Nietzsche's eternal return to the concept of over-soul Emerson: "What Nietzsche called (not so much explain it) eternal recurrence of the same, you may as well read the Emersonian faith in the" great soul " (or 'over soul'), the idea that every individual carries within it, and put at stake in its decisions unpredictable, the whole being. "
The reasoning behind the simple - but often misunderstood concept of Nietzsche - is as follows:
In a finite system with an infinite time, any combination can be repeated countless times.
For example, many times pulling three six-sided dice, each of 216 combinations may appear many times.
In the specific case of the existential discourse, Nietzsche notes that (being the "things of the world of finite and infinite time), even in human life, this concept is applicable: every event that we can live, we've been through endless times in the past, and will live many times in the future. Our life has already happened, and every moment of it and in this way, it loses all importance. In Thus Spake Zarathustra Nietzsche shows how to understand this point is crucial in the loss of values \u200b\u200bbefore to Superman. According
a different perspective, which can lead to understanding Freud's attention to the notes Friedrich Nietzsche, the 'eternal return of equal can be interpreted - as a key to closer to psychology and the concept of "time" twentieth-century (understood here as the time of the soul, such as "duration" Bergson) - as a static trap (see Joyce in Dublin) which is subject to human destiny, which in its apparent dynamics between past, present and future, it is necessary to immobilize the "indigestible waste" of his own shadow in time, from your psychic medium, which slows down or prevents any progress and the will to power, CONSEQUENTIAL, of life itself.
It 'just that past, reworked by the mind of the individual first, and then the great mass of historical and cultural processes, translates to "Apollonian reason" (the Freudian superego), moving progressively to inhibit and remove the' instinct Dionysus' own pre-Socratic era (and even pre-Christian and preplatonica). Cut - forever - with the past is equal, then, to break the perpetual spoiling the destiny of man to break the circle of 'eternal return means, therefore, earn the gateway to a new time straight, forward- the infinite and infinitely different from oneself. Delete the shadow of a stone that has dragged the man below the time equivalent of Socrates, then, at a redemption existence that can only be found in the "Superman" and "Will Power" to its resolution totalizing and totalitarian. Resolution that sees only the elect of the future, the new generation freed by the prophets of today and tomorrow, unencumbered by tradition and the past, the possibility of salvation for mankind.
The anguished theme of eternal recurrence (the "greater weight") sounds almost like an obsession in the mind of philosopher, who wants to transmit from dall'inquietante and very realistic question constituting an steps of the most beautiful and interesting de The Gay Science :
"What would happen if, one day or one night, a demon crept stealthily into the most isolated of your loneliness and you say "This life as you now live lived and broke it, you'll live it again and again countless times, and there is never anything new in it, but every pain and every pleasure and every thought and sigh, and every unspeakably small and great thing in your life will come back to you, and all in the same sequence and succession [...]. The eternal hourglass of existence is always upside down again and you with it, speck of dust! "
Despite the many difficulties of interpretation that this issue lies in itself, the message of Nietzsche seems to be quite clear. It gives it the common man (not the superman) a glimmer of hope, actively encourages him to accept and live passionately every moment of his life and helps him to give life a sense now perhaps too long forgotten. The life, after all, is one of Nietzsche and provocation is not to say other than it, as such, must be experienced as truly unique experience which we will never be made partakers, so as if would never return. Modern man no absolute certainties, he therefore proposed the amor fati (love of one's destiny "), and mandatory formula that does not express anything other than the acceptance of the Dionysian life and the eternal return.
(from Wikipedia)
